What was the main theme of the Fourth Party System?

The main theme of the Fourth Party System, which roughly spanned from the 1890s to the 1930s, is characterized by Republican dominance. During this period, the Republican Party became the primary political force, particularly in presidential elections, largely due to its alignment with issues like industrialization, economic growth, and protectionist policies.

In contrast to the idea of balanced power between Democrats and Republicans, the Fourth Party System saw the Republican Party consistently winning major elections, shaping national policy, and maintaining a strong hold over the presidency and Congress. Significant events during this era, including the Progressive Movement, also contributed to the Republican Party's ability to prioritize certain economic and social reforms, further solidifying its dominance. The period also marked a decline in the influence of third parties, which struggled to gain traction in the political landscape dominated by the two major parties.

Understanding the political context and electoral outcomes during this time highlights why Republican dominance is the most accurate characterization of the Fourth Party System, rather than a balance of power or significant gains by third parties.